HTTPie - 一款http客户端

发表于 | | 阅读次数: |

一款http客户端

主要特点

  • 具表达力和直观语法
  • 格式化的及彩色化的终端输出
  • 内置JSON支持
  • 表单和文件上传
  • HTTPS、代理和认证
  • 任意请求数据
  • 自定义头部
  • 持久化会话
  • 类似于wget的下载
  • 支持Python2.7 和 3.x

在Linux下安装Httpie

  1. Debian/Ubuntu系统，使用apt-get或apt

    1
    $ sudo apt install httpie

  2. RHEL/CentOs系统，使用yum安装

    1
    $ sudo yum install httpie

用法

  1. 如何使用HTTPie请求URL？
    httpie的基本用法是将URL作为参数

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    meichaofan@ubuntu1:~$ http 2daygeek.com
    HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
    CF-RAY: 4cbdc9a7b85322a0-LAX
    Cache-Control: max-age=3600
    Connection: keep-alive
    Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 06:30:15 GMT
    Expires: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 07:30:15 GMT
    Location: https://2daygeek.com/
    Server: cloudflare
    Transfer-Encoding: chunked
    Vary: Accept-Encoding

  2. 如何使用HTTPie下载文件
    带 --download 参数，用来下载文件，类似于wget

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    meichaofan@ubuntu1:~$ http --download https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Anbox-Easy-Way-To-Run-Android-Apps-On-Linux.png
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Accept-Ranges: bytes
    CF-Cache-Status: HIT
    CF-RAY: 4cbdcfbafb53540e-LAX
    Cache-Control: public, max-age=7200
    Connection: keep-alive
    Content-Length: 32066
    Content-Type: image/png
    Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 06:34:23 GMT
    Expect-CT: max-age=604800, report-uri="https://report-uri.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/beacon/expect-ct"
    Expires: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 08:34:23 GMT
    Last-Modified: Mon, 08 Apr 2019 04:54:25 GMT
    Server: cloudflare
    Set-Cookie: __cfduid=dee8965dcfafc633c5463965e0c40522d1556001263; expires=Wed, 22-Apr-20 06:34:23 GMT; path=/; domain=.2daygeek.com; HttpOnly; Secure
    Vary: Accept-Encoding

    Downloading 31.31 kB to "Anbox-Easy-Way-To-Run-Android-Apps-On-Linux.png"
    Done. 31.31 kB in 0.55747s (56.17 kB/s)
    meichaofan@ubuntu1:~$ ls
    Anbox-Easy-Way-To-Run-Android-Apps-On-Linux.png  package  peek-a-boo

    你还可以使用 -o 参数用不同的名称保存输出文件。

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    meichaofan@ubuntu1:~$ http --download https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Anbox-Easy-Way-To-Run-Android-Apps-On-Linux.png -o Anbox-1.png
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Accept-Ranges: bytes
    CF-Cache-Status: HIT
    CF-RAY: 4cbdd1493c0e5047-LAX
    Cache-Control: public, max-age=7200
    Connection: keep-alive
    Content-Length: 32066
    Content-Type: image/png
    Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 06:35:27 GMT
    Expect-CT: max-age=604800, report-uri="https://report-uri.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/beacon/expect-ct"
    Expires: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 08:35:27 GMT
    Last-Modified: Mon, 08 Apr 2019 04:54:25 GMT
    Server: cloudflare
    Set-Cookie: __cfduid=d4ac029dc64db0797db8e607d6a8568341556001327; expires=Wed, 22-Apr-20 06:35:27 GMT; path=/; domain=.2daygeek.com; HttpOnly; Secure
    Vary: Accept-Encoding

    Downloading 31.31 kB to "Anbox-1.png"
    Done. 31.31 kB in 0.28450s (110.07 kB/s)
    meichaofan@ubuntu1:~$ ls
    Anbox-1.png  package  peek-a-boo

  3. 如何使用 HTTPie 恢复部分下载？
    可以使用 -c 参数的HTTPie继续下载

    1
    http --download --continue https://speed.hetzner.de/100MB.bin -o 100MB.bin

  4. 如何使用 HTTPie 上传文件？
    你可以通过使用带有小于号 < 的 HTTPie 命令上传文件

    1
    $ http https://transfer.sh < Anbox-1.png

  5. 如何使用带有重定向符号 > 下载文件？
    你可以使用带有重定向 > 符号的 HTTPie 命令下载文件。

    1
    2
    3
    $ http https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/How-To-Install-And-Enable-Flatpak-Support-On-Linux-1.png > Flatpak.png
    $ ls -ltrh Flatpak.png
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 47K Apr  9 01:44 Flatpak.png

  6. 发送一个 HTTP GET 请求？
    您可以在请求中发送 HTTP GET 方法。GET 方法会使用给定的 URI，从给定服务器检索信息。

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    http GET httpie.org
    HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
    CF-RAY: 4c4a83a3f90dcbe6-SIN
    Cache-Control: max-age=3600
    Connection: keep-alive
    Date: Tue, 09 Apr 2019 06:44:44 GMT
    Expires: Tue, 09 Apr 2019 07:44:44 GMT
    Location: https://httpie.org/
    Server: cloudflare
    Transfer-Encoding: chunked
    Vary: Accept-Encoding

  7. 提交表单
    使用以下格式提交表单。POST 请求用于向服务器发送数据，例如客户信息、文件上传等。要使用 HTML 表单。

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    http -f POST Ubuntu18.2daygeek.com hello='World'
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Accept-Ranges: bytes
    Connection: Keep-Alive
    Content-Encoding: gzip
    Content-Length: 3138
    Content-Type: text/html
    Date: Tue, 09 Apr 2019 06:48:12 GMT
    ETag: "2aa6-5844bf1b047fc-gzip"
    Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100
    Last-Modified: Sun, 17 Mar 2019 15:29:55 GMT
    Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Ubuntu)
    Vary: Accept-Encoding

    运行下面的指令以查看正在发送的请求。

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    http -v Ubuntu18.2daygeek.com
    GET / HTTP/1.1
    Accept: */*
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Connection: keep-alive
    Host: ubuntu18.2daygeek.com
    User-Agent: HTTPie/0.9.8
    hello=World
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Accept-Ranges: bytes
    Connection: Keep-Alive
    Content-Encoding: gzip
    Content-Length: 3138
    Content-Type: text/html
    Date: Tue, 09 Apr 2019 06:48:30 GMT
    ETag: "2aa6-5844bf1b047fc-gzip"
    Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100
    Last-Modified: Sun, 17 Mar 2019 15:29:55 GMT
    Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Ubuntu)
    Vary: Accept-Encoding